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Association between vitamins A, D, E, and K and the risk of GvHD post transplant
By Ella Dixon
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Fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E, and K have been shown to modulate immune responses, but there is limited evidence on the role of these vitamins in GvHD.1 A two-armed RCT that investigated nutritional intervention in 117 adult patients undergoing allo-HSCT following myeloablative conditioning (NCT01181076) was conducted at Oslo University Hospital from 2010 to 2017. Plasma levels of vitamins A, D, E, and K were measured at baseline, 3 and 6 weeks, and 3, 6, 9, and 12 months post transplant.1 A secondary analysis of data from this trial published in Scientific Reports by Skaarud et al.1 assessed the association between vitamin levels and the development of GvHD. |
| Key learnings |
| Higher levels of vitamin E over time were significantly associated with a reduced risk of severe acute GvHD (Grades 3–4). No significant associations were found between vitamin levels (A, D, E, K) and the risk of chronic GvHD. |
| Plasma levels of vitamins A, D, E, and K fluctuated significantly during the first year post allo-HSCT, but only vitamin A was significantly higher in patients receiving enhanced nutritional support (p = 0.010). |
| Given the observed association between vitamin E and less severe acute GvHD, supplementation with vitamin E could be explored as a potential strategy to mitigate post-transplant complications. |
| The study was not designed to assess the direct impact of vitamin supplementation, and additional research is required to determine whether vitamin E supplementation could be a viable preventive strategy in allo-HSCT patients. |
Abbreviations: allo-HSCT, allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant; GvHD, graft-versus-host disease; RCT, randomized controlled trial.
- Skaarud KJ, Gudmundstuen AM, Pesonen M, et al. The role of fat-soluble vitamins for graft-versus host disease after myeloablative conditioning in allogeneic stem cell transplanted patients. Sci Rep. 2025;15(1):1675. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-84805-2
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