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In patients who undergo allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, a combination of a calcineurin inhibitor plus methotrexate (MTX) is used as the standard regimen for graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) prophylaxis. During the phase III Bone Marrow Transplant Clinical Trials Network (BMT CTN) 1703 study (NCT03959241), the combination of posttransplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy) with tacrolimus (TAC) and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) demonstrated lower incidences of severe acute GvHD, chronic GvHD, and better GvHD-free relapse-free survival when compared with the TAC/MTX combination for the prevention of GvHD.1,2 However, the control arm did not include antithymocyte globulin (ATG), which is commonly used as a GvHD prophylaxis.
During the 2024 Transplantation & Cellular Therapy Meetings of ASTCT and CIBMTR, Aron Nagler presented real-world data evaluating posttransplant outcomes of PTCy or ATG combined with TAC or cyclosporine A (CsA), and with MMF or MTX for the prevention of GvHD.1 Here, we summarize the key points from the poster below
Figure 1. Occurrence of acute GvHD in patients posttransplant*
ATG, antithymocyte; CsA, cyclosporin; GvHD, graft-versus-host disease; MMF, mycophenolate mofetil; MTX, methotrexate; PTCy, posttransplant cyclophosphamide; TAC, tacrolimus.
*Data from Nagler.1
Table 1. Multivariate analysis for posttransplant responses*
|
Relapse |
NRM |
OS |
|||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
HR |
p-value |
HR |
p-value |
HR |
p-value |
|
PTCy with CsA or TAC and MMF vs ATG with CsA or TAC and MTX |
0.99 |
0.93 |
1.57 |
0.022† |
1.18 |
0.16 |
ATG, antithymocyte; CI, confidence interval; CsA, cyclosporin; HR, hazard ratio; MMF, mycophenolate mofetil; MTX, methotrexate; NRM, non-relapse mortality; OS, overall survival; PTCy, posttransplant cyclophosphamide; TAC, tacrolimus. |
Key learnings |
|
References
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